Why are rural people poor in Peru?

Rural poverty has its roots in:

~High rates of illiteracy, particularly among women
~Lack of essential services such as education and electrical power
~Lack of secure property rights to land, forests and water
~Inadequate agricultural research, training and financial services
~Ineffective animal and plant health services
~Poor transport infrastructure and marketing systems
~Lack of well-defined territorial organization and planning
Source: IFAD